Dermatophytosis

Dermatophytosis, is a superficial fungal infection affecting the skin, hair or nails.  It is more commonly called tinea or ringworm.

The fungi that cause dermatophytosis are unique in that they do not invade living tissue.  They live on the keratin of the skin and utilize the keratin as their source of nutrition.

Dermatopyytosis causes an allergic and inflammatory response

An allergic and inflammatory response usually results from the fungus and its metabolic product presence on the skin.  The severity of the condition will be dependent on the type of dermatophyte (fungi) that invades the skin.

Tinea infections result from several different fungi and are very contagious.  Direct contact with the lesion or indirect contact via contaminated articles such as shoes, towels and shower stalls will result in the lesion being passed from person to person.

The ringworm fungi is carried on animals and is usually transmitted to humans by contact with the infected animal.  The presence of ringworm on a human is often the first indication that an animal is infected.

A combination of warm weather and tight clothing will encourage fungal growth and therfore worsen the condition.

Prevention by keeping the skin dry

In order to prevent the development of dermatophytosis it is therefore recommended that the skin be kept dry.  The skin should be well dried after bathing and let dry properly before dressing.  A drying talc may be beneficial. 

Loose fitting underwear is also recommended as is changing the socks daily.  Open shoes will also minimize sweating of the feet and reduce the risk of fungal infections developing.

Establish the cause before treating

In the event of dermatophytosis developing the first treatment is to establish that the symptoms are in fact the result of a fungal infection and not another form of skin condition such as eczema or psoriasis. 

Most localised dermatophytosis can be treated topically with an over the counter preparation of antifungal cream.  If the condition is severe an oral antifungal medication may be required.  In some instances a corticosteroid may be required if the area is severely inflamed or there is a risk of scarring.

In most instances dermatophytosis can be completely cured, however in about 20% of cases a chronic condition will develop and ongoing treatment will be required.